Hello

Salutation or greeting

"Hello!" redirects hither. For the British magazine, encounter Hi! (magazine).

How-do-you-do is a salutation or greeting in the English. Information technology is commencement attested in writing from 1826.^[1]

Early uses

Hi, with that spelling, was used in publications in the U.S. as early as the xviii October 1826 edition of the Norwich Courier of Norwich, Connecticut.^[1] Another early on apply was an 1833 American book chosen The Sketches and Eccentricities of Col. David Crockett, of Due west Tennessee,^[ii] which was reprinted that same year in The London Literary Gazette.^[3] The word was extensively used in literature past the 1860s.^[iv]

Etymology

According to the Oxford English language Lexicon, how-do-you-do is an alteration of hallo, hollo,^[ane] which came from Quondam High German "halâ, holâ, emphatic imperative of halôn, holôn to fetch, used peculiarly in hailing a ferryman".^[5] It also connects the development of hello to the influence of an earlier form, holla, whose origin is in the French holà (roughly, 'whoa there!', from French là 'there').^[6] Equally in addition to hello, halloo,^[7] hallo, hollo, hullo and (rarely) hillo also exist as variants or related words, the word tin can be spelt using any of all v vowels.^{[8] [ix] [10]}

Telephone

The use of hello equally a telephone greeting has been credited to Thomas Edison; according to ane source, he expressed his surprise with a misheard Hullo.^[11] Alexander Graham Bell initially used Ahoy (as used on ships) every bit a phone greeting.^{[12] [13]} However, in 1877, Edison wrote to T. B. A. David, president of the Central District and Printing Telegraph Company of Pittsburgh:

Friend David, I exercise not retrieve we shall need a phone call bell as Hi! tin be heard 10 to 20 feet away. What yous recollect? Edison - P.Due south. get-go cost of sender & receiver to manufacture is only $7.00.^[11]

Past 1889, central telephone substitution operators were known as 'hello-girls' because of the association between the greeting and the telephone.^{[thirteen] [14]}

Hullo

Hullo might exist derived from an older spelling variant, hullo, which the American Merriam-Webster lexicon describes as a "chiefly British variant of hello",^[fifteen] and which was originally used every bit an exclamation to telephone call attention, an expression of surprise, or a greeting. How-do-you-do is found in publications as early equally 1803.^[16] The word hullo is still in use, with the meaning hello.^{[17] [18] [19] [20] [21]}

Hallo and hollo

Hello is alternatively thought to come from the word hallo (1840) via hollo (also holla, holloa, halloo, halloa).^[22] The definition of hollo is to shout or an exclamation originally shouted in a hunt when the quarry was spotted:^[23]

If I wing, Marcius,/Halloo me similar a hare.

Fowler'south has it that "hallo" is first recorded "as a shout to call attention" in 1864.^[24] Information technology is used by Samuel Taylor Coleridge's famous verse form The Rime of the Aboriginal Mariner written in 1798:

And the good s wind still blew behind,
Merely no sugariness bird did follow,
Nor whatever day for nutrient or play

Came to the mariners' hollo!

In many Germanic languages, including German, Danish, Norwegian, Dutch and Afrikaans, "hallo" literally translates into English as "hello". In the case of Dutch, it was used equally early every bit 1797 in a letter of the alphabet from Willem Bilderdijk to his sister-in-law as a remark of astonishment.^[25]

Webster's dictionary from 1913 traces the etymology of holloa to the Old English halow and suggests: "Perhaps from ah + lo; compare Anglo Saxon ealā".

According to the American Heritage Dictionary, hallo is a modification of the obsolete holla (stop!), perhaps from One-time French hola (ho, ho! + la, there, from Latin illac, that way).^[26]

The Old English language verb, hǽlan (1. wv/t1b 1 to heal, cure, save; greet, salute; gehǽl! Hosanna!), may be the ultimate origin of the word.^[27] Hǽlan is probable a cognate of German Heil (meaning complete for things and good for you for beings) and other similar words of Germanic origin. Bill Bryson asserts in his book Mother Tongue that "hello" comes from Old English language hál béo þu ("Hale be 1000", or "whole be chiliad", meaning a wish for good health; cf. "bye" which is a contraction of "God exist with ye").

"Hello, Earth" computer program

Students learning a new calculator programming language will often begin by writing a "Hi, World!" programme, which does nothing but upshot the message "Hullo, globe" to the user (such as by displaying it on a screen). It has been used since the primeval programs, in many figurer languages. This tradition was further popularised later existence printed in an introductory chapter of the book The C Programming Language past Kernighan & Ritchie.^[28] The book had reused an example taken from a 1974 memo by Brian Kernighan at Bell Laboratories.^[29]

See also

• Aloha
• As-salamu alaykum
• Ciao
• Kia ora
• Namaste
• Shalom
• World Hullo Day

References

1. ^ ^{a b c} "hello". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
2. ^ (Bearding). The Sketches and Eccentricities of Col. David Crockett, of Due west Tennessee. New York: J. & J. Harper, 1833. p. 144.
3. ^ "The Sketches and Eccentricities of Col. David Crockett, of W Tennessee". The London Literary Gazette; and Journal of Belles Lettres, Arts, Sciences, &c. No. 883: 21 December 1833. p. 803.
4. ^ [i] Origin of the word.
5. ^ "hallo". Oxford English Lexicon (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
6. ^ "holla". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating establishment membership required.)
7. ^ Butler, Mann, A History of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Wilcox, Dickerman & Co., 1834, p. 106.
8. ^ Merriam-Webster: Hollo
9. ^ Merriam-Webster: Hello
10. ^ Merriam-Webster: Hillo
11. ^ ^{a b} Allen Koenigsberg. "The First "Hello!": Thomas Edison, the Phonograph and the Phone – Part 2". Antique Phonograph Magazine. Vol. VIII, no. 6. Archived from the original on sixteen November 2006.
12. ^ Allen Koenigsberg (1999). "All Things Considered". National Public Radio. Archived from the original on 2009-03-09. Retrieved 2006-09-13 .
13. ^ ^{a b} "Online Etymology Dictionary". etymonline.com . Retrieved 28 September 2010.
14. ^ Grimes, William (5 March 1992). "Dandy 'Howdy' Mystery Is Solved". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-10-25 .
15. ^ "hullo - Definition from the Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary". Merriam-webster.com. 25 April 2007. Retrieved 2009-09-26 .
16. ^ The Sporting Magazine. London (1803). Book 23, p. 12.
17. ^ "Hello From Orkney". Forum.downsizer.net. Retrieved 2009-09-26 .
18. ^ Piers Beckley (23 April 2008). "Writersroom Blog: Hullo once more. Did you miss me?". BBC. Retrieved 2009-09-26 .
19. ^ Barton, Laura (23 February 2005). "Paris for a day". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2009-09-26 .
20. ^ "Ashes: England v Commonwealth of australia - day one as information technology happened | Andy Bull and Rob Smyth". The Guardian. London. 16 July 2009. Retrieved 2009-09-26 .
21. ^ "Semi-concluding disharmonism excites fans". BBC Sport. xiv April 2005. Retrieved 2009-09-26 .
22. ^ "Hello". Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved 2016-02-07 .
23. ^ "Hollo". Merriam-Webster Online. Retrieved 2016-02-07 .
24. ^ The New Fowler's, revised third edition by R. W. Burchfield, Oxford Academy Press. ISBN 0-nineteen-860263-4, p. 356.
25. ^ Bilderdijk, Willem Liefde en ballingschap. Brieven 1795-1797 (ed. Marita Mathijsen). Uitgeverij De Arbeiderspers, Amsterdam/Antwerp 1997
26. ^ "How-do-you-do". The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language: Fourth Edition. 2000. Retrieved 2006-09-01 .
27. ^ OEME Dictionaries
28. ^ Kernighan, Brian W.; Ritchie, Dennis M. (1978). The C Programming Language (1st ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. ISBN0-xiii-110163-3.
29. ^ Kernighan, Brian (1974). "Programming in C: A Tutorial" (PDF). Bell Labs. Retrieved ix January 2019.

External links

• Howdy in more than 800 languages
• OED online entry for hollo (Subscription)
• Merriam-Webster Dictionary: hollo, hullo

peasedeme1969.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hello

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